Definition

Noun: An abutment arch is an architectural structure, specifically an arch that is supported at its ends by an abutment. An abutment is a solid structure, typically made of masonry or concrete, that receives the lateral pressure or thrust of an arch, bridge, or vault, providing essential support and stability.

Usage

The term is used in the fields of architecture, civil engineering, and construction history to describe a specific structural configuration. * The stability of the ancient Roman aqueduct relied heavily on the robust abutment arches at each pier. * When designing the bridge, the engineers specified a series of abutment arches to distribute the load effectively to the supporting banks.

Advanced Usage

• The concept is fundamental in understanding how traditional masonry bridges and viaducts transfer forces. The abutment arch is a key component in ensuring the entire structure can withstand the downward force and convert it into outward thrust, which is then contained by the abutments.

Variants and Related Words

• Abutment (n): The supporting structure, often a pier or wall, that bears the thrust of an arch or bridge.
• Pier arch (n): A similar term sometimes used interchangeably, though a "pier arch" specifically springs from a pier, which is a supporting column, whereas an abutment is typically at the very end of a structure.

Synonyms

• Supporting arch
• Springing arch (refers to the arch where it begins, or springs, from its support)

Related Concepts

• Keystone: The central, wedge-shaped stone at the apex of an arch that locks the other stones in place.
• Spandrel: The roughly triangular space between the curve of an arch and the rectangular frame surrounding it.
• Buttress: An external support that counters the lateral thrust of an arch or wall, related in function to an abutment.

Noun

1. an arch supported by an abutment